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HIGH DENSITY COMPUTING

MacTCP --------- MUSE

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Macro --- MediaCast

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Page 141

Macro --- Mail bomb

 
Macro --- A sequence of keyboard strokes and mouse actions that can be recorded so that their playback can be activated by a single keystroke, keystroke combination, or mouse click. Unlike Windows 3.1 and Windows for Workgroups, Windows 95 does not come with a Macro Recorder.

MacTCP --- TCP/IP for the Macintosh; a necessary driver for connecting Macs to the Internet.

MAE --- Metropolitan Area Exchange and/or Ethernet --- A Network Access Point (NAP) where Internet Service Providers (ISPs) can connect with each other. The original MAE was set up by a company calledMFS (a subsidiary of WorldComm) and is based in Washington, D.C. Later, MFS built another one in Silicon Valley, dubbed MAE-West. In addition to the MAEs from MFS, there are many other NAPs. Although MAE refers really only to the NAPs from MFS, the two terms are often used interchangeably.

As it so happens to work out, the two meanings (both Exchange and Ethernet are correct), there is however on going debate as to which is more appropriate.

MAE West actually consists of two networks: an ATM network that can switch a billion bits per second, and an FDDI ring that's limited to 100 Mbits per second. Companies connect to these networks by Ethernet, FDDI, or ATM over OC3.

Today the MAEs are nowhere near being overwhelmed by Internet traffic. But don't take my word for it. Every night, MFS posts a graph on its Web site that shows the total amount of traffic the MAEs passed in the last five days. The day I visited, the MAE West gigaswitch was zipping along at a perky 240 Mbits per second, and the FDDI ring was packing 40 Mbits per second. That's nowhere near capacity.

MFS now has MAEs in Chicago, Dallas, Houston, and Los Angeles, with Paris, Frankfurt, and New York coming up soon. Regional Internet exchanges are a good idea, and sooner or later every city will probably have its own.

Mail bomb --- The flooding of an e-mail address with (usually angry) messages.


Page 142

Mail filter --- Map network drive

 

Mail filter --- A program that allows a user to sort e-mail messages according to information contained in the header.

Mailbot --- An e-mail server that automatically responds to requests for information.

Mailer --- A mail program, used to read and post e-mail.

Mailing list --- A discussion forum where participants subscribe to a list and receive messages by e-mail.

Mailing List (Internet) --- An email discussion group focused on one or more topics. The Mailing List is made up of members who subscribe that mailing list.

Maillist --- (or Mailing List) A (usually automated) system that allows people to send e-mail to one address, whereupon their message is copied and sent to all of the other subscribers to the maillist. In this way, people who have many different kinds of e-mail access can participate in discussions together.

Majordomo --- The other major e-mail discussion computer program. See listserv.

Map network drive --- The act of associating a network drive makes the drive available in My Computer. Windows 95 uses the next available drive letter, and you can access the network drive just like any other hard drive.


Page 143

Mapedit --- MBONE

 
Mapedit --- A graphical editor for World Wide Web clickable imagemaps. Until recently server-side imagemaps required the author to install them separately on the server. But with Mapedit 2.24 and the latest Web browsers, you can use client-side imagemaps, which reside in your HTML page and are very easy to create. Mapedit will also create server-side maps for backwards compatibility with old browsers. You can download an evaluation copy right now. Evaluation copies are good for 30 days; you need to register before the evaluation period expires. Registration costs $25 and can be done by phone, fax or mail. Nonprofit organizations and educational institutions (not private individuals) can receive free registration by mail. Details are explained in the software when you click on the REGISTER button.

MAPI --- Messaging Application Programming Interface - A system built into Microsoft Windows that enables different e-mail applications to work together to distribute mail. As long as both applications are MAPI-enabled, they can share mail messages with each other.

MAPI has a history that might cause confusion due to the fact that there are two very different kinds of MAPI. First, there was MAPI in the days of Microsoft Mail (MS-Mail). That MAPI was a C-language API which allowed programmable access to the features of Microsoft Mail. Nowadays that MAPI is called "Simple MAPI". The "new MAPI" is a COM/OLE-based set of interfaces of rather high complexity, sometimes called "Extended MAPI" or XMAPI. Extended MAPI actually includes Simple MAPI for compatibility with older software. In addition, it includes OLE Messaging, which is a set of OLE Automation interfaces to messaging, for use in Visual Basic and the like.

MBONE --- The Internet Multicast Backbone --- - MBone (the Multicast Backbone) is a "virtual network" used for audio and video group conferencing. Many conferences and other events are broadcast over the MBone. A few of these are weather satelitte images of the earth, US Senate and House of Representative meetings and, "Radio Free Vat", and "internet talk radio" to name a few. The MBone Sessions are controlled throught a program called sd which lets you subscribe and unsubscribe to broadcasts.

The MBone has existed since 1992. It has grown out of an "effort to multicast audio and video from meeting of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)".

The MBone is a part of the internet. It is a network of special machines mrouters that support multicast. These machines "tunnel" to other mrouters. They take the multicast transmission and encapsulate it in a normal IP packet. mrouters at the end of the tunnels strips of the IP header and sends the packet as usual. Each tunnel has it's own copy of all the packets going over the line, so tunnels should be limited to about 2 for any given T1 link. SEE ALSO: MultiCast.


Page 144

Marionet --- Media control interface (MCI)

 
Marionet --- A product from Allegiant Technologies, Marionet is an Internet scripting tool for the rapid development of customized interfaces that automate and simplify Internet tasks. During its own development it was codenamed "BlackHole."

With Marionet, those who are familiar with scripting languages on the Macintosh can build custom client and server interfaces. The interfaces can be created in any authoring environment that supports both inter-application communication and the standard external command (XCMD) interface, especially Allegiant SuperCard and Apple's HyperCard.

Marionet provides a high-level interface to the standard Internet protocols, such as those for e-mail (SMTP/POP3), file transfer (FTP), newsgroup (NNTP), HTTP/CGI, and Gopher. The program is shipped as a system extension, using Apple's Thread Manager for smooth background operations.

Mattress Tag --- A disclaimer no one pays any attention to (like the "Do Not Remove Under Penalty of Law" found on mattresses and other products); on the internet, this would usually refer to the "Do Not Read if Under 21" or similar warnings found in newsgroup postings, IRC channels, and Web sites.

Maximize button --- A button in the upper right corner of a Window with a square in it. When clicked, it enlarges the window to its maximum size. When the window is already at its maximum size, the maximize button switches to the restore button, which returns the window to its previous size.

McAfee's VirusScan --- A virus scanner is an absolute necessity these days, and McAfee provides one of the best. A solid, intuitive graphical interface simplifies the scanning process. VirusScan even runs in the background, allowing you to continue your work (or play) while it does it's job. The ability to configure scanning levels (specify file types), print activity logs, and the fact that McAfee updates this software very frequently, makes McAfee VirusScan a winner.

Media control interface (MCI) --- A standard interface for all multimedia devices, devised by the MPC counsel, that allows multimedia applications to control any number of MPC-compliant devices, from sound cards to MIDI-based lighting controllers.


Page 145

Megabyte --- Meta tag

 
Megabyte --- A million bytes. A thousand kilobytes.

See Also: Byte , Bit , Kilobyte

Menu --- A list of available command options.

Menu bar --- Located under the title bar, the menu bar displays the names of all available menu lists.

Menu command --- A word or phrase in a menu that, when selected, enables you to view all the commands.

MediaCast ---MediaCast uses the latest in broadcast technology to deliver live and archival musical events over the World Wide Web. Depending on your specific type of connection to the Internet, you will want to make sure your system is configured appropriately for a combination of these technologies.

MediaCast is a collaboration between Media Synergy and WildCast. Media Synergy brings their expertise in on-location video, audio, and photographic capturing and archiving. The Internet and multicast technology is supplied by WildCast, whose principal members performed the technology behind the majority of all music Internet multicasts.

Meta tag --- MMX

Pages 146 --- 150

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Page 146

Meta tag --- Meta tag

 
Meta tag --- An optional HTML tag that is used to specify information about a Web document. Some search engines such as AltaVista use "spiders" to index Web pages. These spiders read the information contained within a page's META tag. So in theory, an HTML or Web page author has the ability to control how there site is indexed by search engines and how and when it will "come up" on a user's search.

The META tag can also be used to specify an HTTP or URL address for the page to "jump" to after a certain amount of time. This is known as Client-Pull. What this means, is a Web page author can control the amount of time a Web page is up on the screen as well as where the browser will go next.

Here's a look at the syntax for search engine indexing:
<HTML>
<HEAD><TITLE></TITLE>
<META NAME="keywords" CONTENT="web stuff">
</HEAD>
</HTML>

Here's a look at the syntax for Client Pull:
<HTML>
<HEAD><TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
</HTML>
This will "refresh" or change to the URL specified in 30 seconds.

Page 147

Metaverse --- Microsoft Network (MSN)

 
Metaverse --- From the book "Snow Crash" by Neal Stephenson, this term describes a virtual online representation of reality.

Micro-Channel Architecture (MCA) --- A proprietary 32-bit computer and bus architecture designed by IBM to improve bus bandwidth and facilitate bus mastering. MCA is not backward compatible with ISA and requires exclusive use of MCA devices.

Microprocessor --- A miniaturized processor. Previous processors were built in integrated circuit boards with many large components. Most processors today use high-tech, silicon-based technology that improves performance, reduces heat generation, increases efficiency.

Microsoft Client for Netware Networks --- Windows 95 Microsoft Client for NetWare Networks allows users to connect to new or existing NetWare servers. It permits you to browse and queue print jobs using either the Windows 95 network user interface or existing Novell NetWare utilities. The Microsoft Client for NetWare interfaces equally well with both NetWare 3.x and 4.x servers.

Microsoft Exchange --- Microsoft Exchange provides a universal Inbox that you can use to send and receive electronic mail (email). In addition, you can use the Inbox to organize, access, and share all types of information, including faxes and items from online services.

Microsoft Fax --- Microsoft Fax is a program included with Windows 95 that enables you to send and receive faxes directly within Windows 95.

Microsoft Network (MSN) --- Access to The Microsoft Network, a new online service, is a feature of Windows 95. With The Microsoft Network, you can exchange messages with people around the world; read the latest news, sports, weather, and financial information; find answers to your technical questions; download from thousands of useful programs; and connect to the Internet.


Page 148

MIDI --- .Mid

 
MIDI --- Musical Instrument Digital Interface - This is a connectivity standard which enables you to hook together computers, musical instruments, and synthesizers to make and orchestrate digital sound. Pronounced "middy," the term is used to describe the standard itself, the hardware that supports the standard, and files that store information that the hardware can use. MIDI files are like digital sheet music--they contain instructions for musical notes, tempo, and instrumentation--and are widely used in game soundtracks and recording studios.

MIDI sound files usually have an extension of .mid. If you come across any of these files on the Internet you will need a helper application configured to work on your system in order to play one of these sound files. MIDI files are just one of a few different file formats which can be embedded on a Web page with the BG SOUND= HTML tag, which causes the sound file to play when the Web page is accessed. NOTE: This feature may not be supported by all browsers.

.Mid --- Musical Instrument Digital Interface - This is a connectivity standard which enables you to hook together computers, musical instruments, and synthesizers to make and orchestrate digital sound. Pronounced "middy," the term is used to describe the standard itself, the hardware that supports the standard, and files that store information that the hardware can use. MIDI files are like digital sheet music--they contain instructions for musical notes, tempo, and instrumentation--and are widely used in game soundtracks and recording studios.

MIDI sound files usually have an extension of .mid. If you come across any of these files on the Internet you will need a helper application configured to work on your system in order to play one of these sound files. MIDI files are just one of a few different file formats which can be embedded on a Web page with the BG SOUND= HTML tag, which causes the sound file to play when the Web page is accessed. NOTE: This feature may not be supported by all browsers.


Page 149

MIME --- Minimize button

 
MIME --- (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) -- The standard for attaching non-text files to standard Internet mail messages. Non-text files include graphics, spreadsheets, formatted word-processor documents, sound files, etc.

An email program is said to be MIME Compliant if it can both send and receive files using the MIME standard.

When non-text files are sent using the MIME standard they are converted (encoded) into text - although the resulting text is not really readable.

Generally speaking the MIME standard is a way of specifying both the type of file being sent (e.g. a Quicktime video file), and the method that should be used to turn it back into its original form.

Besides email software, the MIME standard is also universally used by Web Servers to identify the files they are sending to Web Clients, in this way new file formats can be accommodated simply by updating the Browsers’ list of pairs of MIME-Types and appropriate software for handling each type.

See Also: Browser , Client , Server , Binhex , UUENCODE

MiP Mapping --- This is a sophisticated texturing technique used for 3D animation in games and CAD walk-throughs. When scenery contains acutely angled polygons that disappear into the distance, MIP mapping mixes low- and high resolution versions of the same texture to reduce the jagged effect.

Minesweeper --- A game of chance and skill included with Windows 95. When playing Minesweeper, you are presented with a mine field, and your objective is to locate all the mines as quickly as possible.

Minimize button --- The button in the upper right corner of the window that has an line in it. When clicked, it reduces the window to display the task bar only.


Page 150

mIRC --- MMX

 

mIRC --- A windows program to access IRC via telent for those of use whose providers don't have more direct access to IRC
channels.

Mirror --- Generally speaking, “to mirror” is to maintain an exact copy of something. Probably the most common use of the term on the Internet refers to “mirror sites” which are web sites, or FTP sites that maintain exact copies of material originated at another location, usually in order to provide more widespread access to the resource.

Another common use of the term “mirror” refers to an arrangement where information is written to more than one hard disk simultaneously, so that if one disk fails, the computer keeps on working without losing anything.

See Also: FTP , Web

MMX --- A technology developed by the Intel Corporation which is the next step after the famed Pentium Proccessor. This new CPU chip will enable greater handling of multimedia such as video and audio on the desktop as well as over the Internet.

Software developers will be able to use MMX to deliver a new generation of higher-performance multimedia and communications applications, and further advance the PC as the premier computing and entertainment platform. MMX technology will be integrated into the Intel chip architecture beginning with a Pentium processor code-named P55C, which Intel expects to have in initial production in the fourth quarter of this year, and will be integrated into succeeding generations of Intel processors.

In addition to traditional means of souping up its chips, including boosting clock frequencies and using microarchitecture techniques such as branch prediction, superscalar execution and superpipelining, Intel added 57 new instructions to its architecture to speed up certain compute-intensive loops in multimedia and communications applications. While the loops typically occupy 10 percent or less of the overall application code, they can account for up to 90 percent of the execution time. MMX instructions process multiple data elements in parallel using a technique called Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD). In simulations and preliminary tests on development systems, Intel said performance benefits have ranged from 50 to 400 percent, depending on the application. Example applications illustrated in Intel's MMX technology overview include chroma keying; vector dot product, used in signal processing of natural data such as images, audio, video and sound; matrix multiply, used in 3D games; 24-bit color; and image dissolve using alpha channel blending.

Software tool providers and application developers that have announced their intention to support MMX include Microsoft, Macromedia, Adobe, Books That Work, Criterion Software, Epic MegaGames, Intel Indeo Video Interactive, Iterated Systems, Omniview, OnLive! Technologies, ParaGraph International, Pegasus Imaging, Powersoft, Qsound Labs, Vicarious and Virage. Hardware vendors working with Intel include Analog Devices, ATI, Cirrus Logic, Creative Labs, Crystal Semiconductor, ESS Technologies, S3 and Yamaha.

Modem --- My Briefcase

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Page 151

Modem --- Mosaic

 

Modem --- A device, usually attached to a computer through a serial port or present as an internal card. A modem makes it possible to use ordinary phone lines to transfer computer data. In addition to a modem, a communications program is required. "Modem" is short for "modulator/demodulator"--the processes whereby a digital stream of data is converted to sound for transmission through a phone system originally designed only for sound (modulator) and the conversion of received sound signals back into digital data (demodulator).

Mission-critical application --- An application program considered indispensable to the operation of a business, government, or other operation. Often, these applications are transaction-based, such as for point-of-sale, reservations, or real-time stock, security, or money trading.

Moderated mailing list --- A mailing list where messages are first sent to the list owner before they are distributed to all the subscribers.
MoO --- (Mud, Object Oriented) -- One of several kinds of multi-user role-playing environments, so far only text-based.

See Also: MUD , MUSE

.Mov --- Another type of scanned in video.

MorF --- Male or Female --- When someone asks you whether you are male or female, you've been "Morfed".

Mosaic --- Mosaic is the common name of a World Wide Web multimedia browser program developed at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA)in Urbana-Champaign, Ill. It was the first WWW browser that was available for the Macintosh, Windows, and UNIX all with the same interface and started the popularity of the Web. The official, copyrighted name of the program is NCSA Mosiac. The source-code to Mosaic has been licensed by several companies and there are several other pieces of software as good or better than Mosaic, most notably, Netscape.

Page 152

Mozilla --- Motion Picture Experts Group

 
Mozilla --- The original name for Netscape's browser, now called Navigator. Some people claim that the term is a contraction of Mosaic Godzilla (e.g., Mosaic killer), since Mosaic was the number one Web browser at the time Netscape began developing its product. The term Mozilla is still used by many Web developers and appears in server log files that identify the browsers being used.

Artist Dave Titus created the Mozilla mascot, a green dragon, which was used in Netscape's early years. It has mostly been replaced by nautical imagery but it still appears from time to time. There are a number of Mozilla easter eggs in Navigator - for example, If you type in about:mozilla instead of a URL. For a look at some mozilla animations and graphics click on the more button below.

Motion JPEG --- Developed by the Joint Photographic Experts Group, motion JPEG is a compression /decompression scheme (Codec) for video files. It is a variation on JPEG, this group's codec for compressing still pictures. It uses only intraframe lossy compression (see intraframe compression, lossy compression), but offers a tradeoff between compression ratio and quality.

Mounting a compressed drive --- When you are working with removable storage media--such a diskettes--that are compressed, you must mount the compressed drive if it wasn't present when the computer was started. Mounting a drive links a drive letter with a compressed volume file (CVF). This enables your computer to access the files on the compressed volume files. Mounting a compressed drive is done using DriveSpace.

Mouse pointer --- The symbol that displays where your next mouse click will occur. The mouse pointer symbol changes according to the context of the window or the dialog box in which it appears.

Motion Picture Experts Group --- A type of audio/video (multimedia) file found on the Internet. In order to hear or see an MPEG movie, you will need to install a helper application or Web browser plugin. MPEG is an algorithm for compressing audio and video; not to be confused with Motion-JPEG. Also see: AVI, MOV and ASF.

SEE MBONE. A type of audio and video broadcasting over the Internet which requires superior hardware (at least 128k modem speed) and special software such as Real Audio and/or StreamWorks. There are various Internet Radio stations which have live multicasting feeds.


Page 153

MoV --- Multimedia

 
MoV --- A Macintosh platform based audio/video (multimedia) file. A MOV file has a file extension of .mov and is playable on a Windows operating system if you have the QuickTime Movie Player application installed. Also see: AVI, MPEG and

MPEG --- Created by the Motion Picture Experts Group, MPEG is a specification for compressing and decompressing (see codec) animation or "movie" files, which are typically very large. Although extremely efficient at reducing the size of such a file, MPEG is also very processor-intensive.

MSconfig --- A new program included in a window 98 that attempts to optimize the hard drive.

Multicast --- SEE MBONE. A type of audio and video broadcasting over the Internet which requires superior hardware (at least 128k modem speed) and special software such as Real Audio and/or StreamWorks. There are various Internet Radio stations which have live multicasting feeds.

MS-DOS-based application --- An application that normally runs on a DOS machine and doesn't require Windows 95. Many MS-DOS-based applications will run in Windows 95's DOS box, but some will not.

MR --- Modem Ready --- This modem light tells you that your modem is on and ready.

MSN --- The MicroSoft Network -- accessible by Windows 95 only, although with their move over to a web-based service, that
will likely change.

Multimedia --- A combination of various types of media, including (but not necessarily limited to) sound, animation, and graphics. Due to the generally large size of "multimedia" files, a CD-ROM is usually necessary to store files. Of course, a sound card and speakers are also necessary.


Page 154

multitasking --- My Briefcase

 
multitasking --- The capability of an operating system to handle multiple processing tasks, apparently, at the same time.

multithreading --- A process allowing a multitasking operating system to, in essence, multitask subportions (threads) of an application smoothly. Applications must be written to take advantage of multithreading. Windows 95 supports multithreading.

MUD --- (Multi-User Dungeon or Dimension) -- A (usually text-based) multi-user simulation environment. Some are purely for fun and flirting, others are used for serious software development, or education purposes and all that lies in between. A significant feature of most MUDs is that users can create things that stay after they leave and which other users can interact with in their absence, thus allowing a world to be built gradually and collectively.

See Also: MOO , MUSE

MUSE --- (Multi-User Simulated Environment) -- One kind of MUD - usually with little or no violence.

See Also: MOO , MUD

My Computer --- An icon present on the Windows 95 desktop that enables you to view drives, folders, and files.

My Briefcase --- An icon present on the Windows 95 desktop. My Briefcase is the way that portable computer users can take data with them as they travel. When they return to the office, Windows examines the files in My Briefcase and updates the contents of their desktop computer.

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